•EU tariffs on EVs made in China have prompted Western carmakers to shift production to the EU, impacting regional manufacturing and energy demand.
•Despite tariffs on finished EVs, imports of Chinese batteries (facing minimal tariffs) surged sevenfold, indicating a critical supply chain dependency for EV production.
•While tariffs reduced the market share of China-made EVs, Chinese EV brands continue to expand their presence, suggesting ongoing competition and EV adoption.